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Acrodermatitis Enteropathica

Acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by impaired zinc absorption, resulting in zinc deficiency. This condition affects the skin, gastrointestinal system, and immune system. Pathophysiology: Acrodermatitis…
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Benign familial pemphigus: Hailey–Hailey disease

 Benign familial pemphigus, known as Hailey–Hailey disease, is an autoimmune uncommon hereditary blistering skin condition. This condition is unrelated to pemphigus vulgaris and has a different outcome.  Although it can happen at any age, ben…
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PAPA Syndrome

PAPA syndrome, also known as Pyogenic Arthritis, Pyoderma Gangrenosum, and Acne syndrome, is a rare autoinflammatory disorder characterized by a triad of symptoms: pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and severe acne.    Pathophysiology: The …
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Rosacea

Rosacea is a chronic skin disease that affects the central face and manifests with a variety of cutaneous or ocular symptoms. Epidemiology: Rosacea is primarily found among adults over 30 years old, and females are more likely to develop…
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Fox-Fordyce Disease: The Sweat Retention Disease

Fox-Fordyce disease, also called apocrine miliaria, is a chronic rare condition where the apocrine sweat is retained and causes inflammation. Post-pubertal women between the ages of 13 and 35 are most commonly affected. Males and children…
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Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS)

Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS), also known as acne inversa, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that primarily affects specific areas of the body such as the axillae, groin, perianal, perineal, and inframammary locations. It is characterized…
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Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Overview

Background Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is associated with a wide variety of comorbidities. It has also been considered a multisystem inflammatory disorder. Epidemiology It has been found that the prevalence…
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Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH)

Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), also called acquired melanosis, is an acquired transient pigmentation following inflammatory conditions, skin damage, or therapeutic interventions. Darker skin types seem to experience it the most.…
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Melasma

Background  Melasma is a skin pigmentation disorder, characterized by hyperpigmentation of the skin due to hyperfunctioning melanocytes. It affects the sun-exposed areas of the face, such as the centrofacial, malar, and mandibular regions. …
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Albinism

Albinism is a genetic disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of pigment (melanin) in the skin, hair, and eyes. It results from a group of inherited genetic mutations that affect the production or distribution of melanin. Etiology…
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Vitiligo: A Comprehensive Overview

What is Vitiligo Vitiligo is a chronic, acquired, depigmenting, autoimmune disorder of the skin, resulting in the progressive loss of pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) which affect the color of the skin and hair. It manifests as milky-white…
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Trichotillomania

Background Trichotillomania is a hair pulling disorder, manifested by an uncontrollable desire to pull out one's hair resulting in hair loss. It is often associated with skin picking. According to estimates, trichotillomania affects around…